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Minors in the School of Arts and Sciences The School of Arts and Sciences (SAS) is now offering students the option of a minor concentration, either to enhance the major or to serve as another area of complementary study. The earlier you declare a minor in your academic career, the greater the possibilities. All prerequisites must be met for a course to be taken in the minor Minors Requirements A minor requires six courses Only six credits may be transferred from another institution Grades less than a "C" will not count toward the minor Minors must be "declared" through your major advisor One core course may be included in the minor requirements Minor Concentration Areas: Minor in Actuarial Science The declared minor in actuarial science is a multidisciplinary minor which focuses on the application of mathematics and statistics to the study of risk management. Formal coursework in completing Option I or Option II of the minor in actuarial science will help to prepare the student for the Casualty Actuarial Society and the Society of Actuaries (CAS/SOA) Joint Exams 1 and 2 and meet the Validation by Educational Experience (VEE) requirement for Economics. Option III of the minor in actuarial science will help to prepare the student for CAS/SOA Joint Exam 1 and meet VEE requirement for Economics. Grades of less than C in any course work will not count towards the minor. Only 6 credits in transfer will be accepted for the minor. OPTION I - Minor in Actuarial Science with a Major in Mathematics (18 credits) Required Courses ECON 201 Economic Theory - Macro Theory (3 credits) ECON 202 Economic Theory - Micro Theory (Prerequisite: ECON 201. 3 credits ) ECON 303 Money and Banking (Monetary Theory) (Prerequisite: ECON 201. 3 credits ) BUSA 311 Principles of Finance (Prerequisites: ECON 201, ECON 202, ACCT 206, BUSA 102*. 3 credits) ACCT 205 Principles of Financial Accounting (3 credits) ACCT 206 Principles of Managerial Accounting (Prerequisite: ACCT 205. 3 credits) * MATH 212 replaces BUSA 102 as the prerequisite. OPTION II - Minor in Actuarial Science with a Major in Business (21 credits) Required Courses (15 credits) MATH 212 Calculus II (Prerequisite: MATH 211 or BUSA 101& 102*. 4 credits) MATH 213 Calculus III (Prerequisite: MATH 212. 4 credits) MATH 220 Linear Algebra (Prerequisite: MATH 212. 4 credits) MATH 308 Probability (Prerequisite: MATH 213. 3 credits) TWO ADDITIONAL COURSES: (6 credits) ECON 303 Money and Banking OR MATH 401, 405 or 410 BUSA 311 Principles of Finance OR MATH 401, 405 or 410 If these are required in the major then the math courses are selected. MATH 401 is always the first alternative for ECON 303 or BUSA 311. OPTION III - Minor in Actuarial Science for the Non- Business Major and Non-Math Major Required Courses (19 - 21 credits) ECON 201 Economic Theory - Macro Theory (3 credits) ECON 202 Economic Theory - Micro Theory (Prerequisite: ECON 201. 3 credits) MATH 211 Calculus I** (4 credits) MATH 212 Calculus II (Prerequisite: MATH 211. 4 credits) MATH 213 Calculus III (Prerequisite: MATH 212. 4 credits) MATH 308 Probability (Prerequisite: MATH 213. 3 credits) ** Satisfies the core quantification requirement If any of these courses are required in a particular program, they can be replaced by any courses from the following list: CMIS 103 Computer Applications 3 credits CMIS 107 Structured Programming 3 credits ECON 303 Money and Banking (Monetary Theory) (Prerequisite: ECON 201. 3 credits) ACCT 205 Principles of Financial Accounting (3 credits) MATH 401 Statistics (Prerequisite: MATH 308. 3 credits) Minor in American Studies (6 courses/18 credits) The minor in American Studies allows students to explore the social, historical, material, and aesthetic aspects of American culture from an interdisciplinary perspective integrating the humanities and the social sciences. Students electing the American Studies minor will designate a focus area by topic, by time period, or by discipline, and will choose courses to address this area in consultation with an advisor. Grades of less than "C" in American Studies courses will not count toward the minor. Courses may not be doubled-counted for the major and the minor. Required Courses (3 credits) ENGL 263/HIST263 Honors American Studies Specialization (15 credits) Students may choose between two tracks, the humanities track and the social sciences track. Students opting for the humanities track will select three courses from the humanities and two from the social sciences, with no more than two courses chosen from any one academic discipline. Students opting for the social sciences track will select three courses from the social sciences and two from the humanities, with no more than two courses chosen from any one academic discipline. Humanities Courses: ENGL 203 American Lit I ENGL 204 American Lit II HIST 203 American History to 1820 HIST 204 American History 1820 to 1920 HIST 205 American History since 1920 HIST 304 Jeffersonian and Jacksonian Democracy HIST 312 American Immigration History HIST 313 Women in America HIST 315 History of Pennsylvania HIST 316 American Foreign Policy HIST 317 Revolutionary America HIST 318 Atlantic Worlds PHIL 307 Social Ethics RELS 213 History of Catholic Church US RELS 215 Religion in America Social Sciences Courses ECON 407 American Economic History** POLS 204 American Nation Government POLS 206 The Presidency POLS 308 American Political Parties POLS 316 Constitutional Law POLS 335 Issues in Contemporary American Foreign Policy SOCO 206 Marriage & Family SOCO 305 Aging in America All prerequisites must be met for the course to be taken in the minor. Minor in Chemistry (6 courses/22-23 credits) The minor in chemistry give the student an appreciation and a broad view of chemistry. Grades in a chemistry course of less than "C" will not count toward the minor. Because all chemistry courses either require a laboratory or are four-credit courses, this minor requires 22-23 credit hours. Required Courses (11 credits) GSCI 106 Chemistry and the Environment CHEM 120/120L Chemistry Principles I CHEM 121/121L Chemistry Principles II Three Courses From Any Of The Following: (11-12 credits)* CHEM 207/207L Organic Chemistry I CHEM 208/208L Organic Chemistry II CHEM 401/401L Instrumental Analysis CHEM 415 Modern Concepts in Biochemistry I CHEM 416 Modern Concepts in Biochemistry II *Some of these courses have prerequisites. Please consult course descriptions. All prerequisites must be met for the course to be taken in the minor. Minor in Communications (6 courses/18 credits) The communications minor offers students an introduction to communications, allows study in specific areas of interest, and offers grounding in developing competencies for communication professionals. Grades of less than a "C" in communications courses will not count toward the minor. Required Courses (6 credits) COMM 110 Introduction to Mass Media COMM 220 Communication and Culture Four Courses (12 Credits) Selected from any one of the Communication program tracks: Journalism, Public Relations, or Visual Communications (Pick one track only) Journalism Track COMM 230 Journalism COMM 233 Intro. to Broadcasting COMM 310 News & Feature Writing COMM 314 Editing COMM 318 Desktop Publishing COMM 412 Investigative Reporting Public Relations Track ECON 202 Micro Economics COMM 235 Public Relations COMM 312 Principles of marketing COMM 316 Technical Writing COMM 320 Video I COMM 405 Principles of Advertising Visual Communications Track COMM 203 Design I COMM 225 Advertising Design COMM 317 Computer Illustration/ Photography COMM 318 Desktop Publishing COMM 320 Video I COMM 421 Video II All prerequisites must be met for the course to be taken in the minor. Minor in Criminal Justice (6 courses/18 credits) The minor in criminal justice provides the student with an introduction to the fundamentals of law enforcement, the courts, and corrections and an opportunity to specialize in a particular area. It prepares students for graduate study in criminal justice or criminology or a career in a criminal justice-related field. Grades of less than "C" in criminal justice will not count toward the minor. The minor consists of 6 courses to be selected as follows: Required Courses (9 credits) CRJU 101 Introduction to the Criminal Justice System CRJU 212 Police and Community Relations CRJU 310 Criminal Investigation Specialization (9 credits) from one of the following areas: Law Enforcement: CRJU 200 Introduction to Law Enforcement CRJU 212 Police and Community Relations CRJU 310 Criminal Investigation* or Criminal Law and the Courts: CRJU 308 Juveniles and the Law CRJU 317 Criminal Law CRJU 318 Court System and Court Procedures or Law Enforcement: CRJU 300 Corrections CRJU 308 Juveniles and the Law CRJU 403 Probation and Parole All prerequisites must be met for the course to be taken in the minor. Minor in History (6 courses/18 credits) The history minor offers students an introduction to World and American History, allows them to study in depth an area of interest, and provides training in historical methodology. Grades of less than "C" in history courses will not count toward the minor. Required Courses ( 12 credits) Two courses in Western European History: HIST 108 Global History to 500 C.E. HIST 109 Global History 500-1700 Two courses in American History, chosen from among: HIST 203 American History to 1820 HIST 204 American History 1820-1920 HIST 205 American History Since 1920 Two Courses (6 credits) Two 300 level or 400 level courses, one of which must be a history seminar All prerequisites must be met for the course to be taken in the minor. Minor in Literature (6 courses/18 credits) Literature enhances any program. Reading the masters of literature provides a cultural perspective that distinguishes an educated person; a close study of literature improves critical thinking and an appreciation for good writing, both of which provide a strong foundation for any career. The literature minor combines both survey and specialty courses. Shakespeare, Romantic and Victorian authors, mythology, poetry, and the literary genres are available for elective. Creative writing or theater courses are also available. Grades of less than "C" in literature courses will not count toward the minor. Required Courses (12 credits) ENGL 201 or 202 World Literature I or II ENGL 203 or 204 American Literature I or II ENGL 205 or 206 British Literature I or II either ENGL 327 Junior Seminar: Literature or ENGL 425 Senior Seminar: Literature (on recommendation of English faculty) Two Courses (6 credits) One 300 level course One 400 level course or One Theater course Literature ENGL 301 Early British Literature ENGL 302 Shakespeare ENGL 304 Renaissance Literature ENGL 305 Seventeenth-Century Literature ENGL 306 Eighteenth-Century Literature ENGL 327 Junior Seminar: Literature ENGL 401 The Romantic Period ENGL 402 The Victorian Period ENGL 403 Twentieth-Century Poetry and Drama ENGL 404 Twentieth-Century Novel ENGL 425 Senior Seminar: Literature ENGL 426 Senior Project Advanced Writing ENGL 309 Creative Writing ENGL 410 Advanced Writing Workshop Theater THEA 201 Acting THEA 204 Scene Study All prerequisites must be met for the course to be taken in the minor. Minor in Mathematics (6 courses/21-23 credits) The minor in mathematics allows the students to deepen their mathematical background while pursuing their major. This minor can be beneficial to students concentrating in business or science who wish a broader knowledge of the power of mathematics within and outside their field. Grades of less than "C" in math courses will not count toward the minor. Required Courses (15 credits) MATH 211 Calculus I MATH 212 Calculus II MATH 220 Linear Algebra MATH 250 Discrete Math Two Courses (6-8 credits) One 200 level course or higher One 300 level course or higher Some suggested tracks for specialization are given below: Applied Math: MATH 221 Ordinary Differential Equations, MATH 405 Numerical Analysis Statistics: MATH 308 Probability, MATH 401 Statistics Pure Math: MATH 305 Theory of Numbers, MATH 316 Modern Algebra I History of Math: MATH 303 Modern Geometry, or MATH 305 Theory of Numbers, MATH 327 Junior Seminar: History of Mathematics All prerequisites must be met for the course to be taken in the minor. Minor in Middle School Mathematics (6-7 Courses, 19-22 Credits) The Minor in Middle School Mathematics is designed to provide additional preparation in mathematics, mathematics education, and technology beyond the required mathematics in the ELED/SPED curricula.  This minor provides the necessary content needed for education majors to become qualified and effective middle school mathematics teachers or mathematics lead teachers; however, the satisfactory completion of the minor does not guarantee the student that s/he will pass the Middle School Math Praxis exam.  Any student sitting for the Praxis is encouraged to utilize available preparation materials.  Since this minor prepares a student for a certification in middle school mathematics, it is restricted to education majors.  Minimum grade of C required.  Only 6 transfer credits will be accepted toward for the minor. Required Courses CORE MATH COURSE  (MATH 121, MATH 150 or MATH 211) MATH 122 – MATHEMATICS FOR EDUCATION MAJORS MATH 130 – ELEMENTARY STATISTICS MATH 211 – CALCULUS I  (if not taken as the core math) MATH 250 - DISCRETE MATH  Prerequisite: MATH 211 MATH 327 – HISTORY OF MATHEMATICS  Prerequisite: MATH 211 Elective Courses  Choose one of the following MATH 303 - MODERN GEOMETRY  (Prerequisite: MATH 211) MATH 305 – NUMBER THEORY  (Prerequisite: MATH 211, MATH 250) It is recommended that the student declare this minor in either their freshman or sophomore year. All prerequisites must be met for the course to be taken in the minor. Minor in Natural Sciences (6 courses/22 credits) The minor in natural sciences prepares the Holy Family student to think globally and will give the student the opportunity to experience and to explore the breadth of the Natural Sciences. Essential Biological and Chemical Principles of Nature will be presented as an interplay between Chemical and Physical Laws and their impact upon both living and non-living systems. Grades of less than "C" will not count toward the minor. Only 6 transfer credits will be accepted toward the minor. Required Courses (22 credits) BIOL 120, 120L Biological Principles I BIOL 121, 121L Biological Principles II * *(Prerequisite BIOL 120, 120L) CHEM 120, 120L Chemistry Principles I CHEM 121, 121 L Chemistry Principles II * *(Prerequisite CHEM 120, 120L) GSCI 108 The Environment of the Planet Earth GSCI 110 The Science of Physics Year 1: BIOL 120, 120L (Fall) and BIOL 121, 121L (Spring) Year 2: CHEM 120, 120L (Fall) and CHEM 121, 121L (Spring) Year 3: GSCI 108 (Fall) and GSCI 110 (Spring) All prerequisites must be met for the course to be taken in the minor Minor in Philosophy (6 courses/18 credits) The minor in philosophy provides students with the opportunity to enhance their education with a firm grounding in the practice of analysis and critical thinking characterized by the careful exploration of philosophical concepts. With an emphasis on ethical theory and practice supplemented by offerings in basic areas of philosophical concepts, the philosophy minor is an enriching accompaniment to any major. Grades of less than "C" in philosophy will not be counted toward the minor. Suggested Ethical Minor Model: I. Ethical Theory (3 credits) PHIL 301 Ethics II. Fundamental Philosophy (9 credits) PHIL 101 Introduction to Philosophy or PHIL 103 Honors Introduction to Philosophy PHIL 201 Philosophy of Human Nature PHIL 203 History of Philosophy I PHIL 204 History of Philosophy II PHIL 207 Philosophy of Religion PHIL 302 Theory of Knowledge PHIL 303 Philosophy of Art PHIL 305 World Views III. Applied Ethics (3 credits) PHIL 205 Bioethics PHIL 208 Business Ethics PHIL 307 Social Ethics PHIL 256 Law and Ethics in Media IV. Elective (3 credits) PHIL 325 Junior Seminar PHIL 425 Senior Seminar PHIL 426 Independent Study PHIL 431-499 Special Topics All prerequisites must be met for the course to be taken in the minor. Minor in Political Science (6 courses/18 credits) The minor in political science allows students to augment majors in business administration, criminal justice, economics, foreign languages, history, sociology, or other social-science fields. It prepares students to pursue graduate study or careers in government service, law, or politics. Grades of less than "C" in political science courses will not count toward the minor. Required Courses (9 credits) POLS 103 Introductory Politics POLS 204 American National Government either POLS 321 Comparative Political Systems or POLS 210 Introduction to International Relations Three Courses (9 Credits) Selected from any of the Political Science not taken above courses POLS 206 The Presidency POLS 210 Introduction to International Relations POLS 308 American Political Parties POLS 315 Political Thought POLS 316 Constitutional Law POLS 321 Comparative Political Systems POLS 335 Issues in Contemporary American Foreign Policy POLS 365 International Law and Organization POLS 299-499 Special Topics All prerequisites must be met for the course to be taken in the minor. Minor in Pre-Law (6 courses/18 credits) The minor in Pre-Law allows students to explore in an interdisciplinary manner the philosophical, political, criminal, and psychological aspects of American society toward preparation for legal studies after graduation and a career in law.  Courses should be selected in consultation with the Pre-Law Advisor.  Minimum grade of C required.  Only 6 transfer credits will be accepted for the minor. Required Courses (9 credits): PHIL 202         Logic POLS 316        Constitutional Law CRJU 317        Criminal Law  Prerequisite CRJU 101* Elective Courses (9 credits: to be distributed at least between two disciplines): CRJU 308        Juveniles and the Law  Prerequisite CRJU 101* CRJU 318        The Court System and Court Procedure  Prerequisite CRJU 101* PHIL 256         Law and Ethics in Media PHIL 301         Ethics PHIL 307         Social Ethics PHIL 433         Philosophy of Justice POLS 204        American National Government PSYC 341       Family Violence PSYC 343       Abnormal Psychology  Prerequisite PSYC 101*s *Any prerequisites must be met prior to taking a minor course. Minor in Psychology (6 courses/18 credits) The minor in psychology gives the student an introduction to the content and methodology of the field. Courses are required from both the social and biological areas of the discipline. Grades of less than "C" in psychology courses will not be counted for the minor. Required Courses (12 Credits) PSYC 101 General Psychology PSYC 345 Abnormal Psychology PSYC 343 Social Psychology Plus one of the following three: PSYC 206 Child and Adolescent Development PSYC 207 Adult Development and Aging PSYC 208 Human Development One Course from Group Two (3 credits) PSYC 305 Physiological Psychology PSYC 331 Sensation & Perception PSYC 332 Cognitive Processes PSYC 333 Learning One Elective Course (3 credits) Students may choose any psychology course with the exception of an additional developmental course (PSYC 206, 207, or 208). All prerequisites must be met for the course to be taken in the minor. Minor in Religious Studies (6 courses/18 credits) The religious studies minor provides students with a deeper and broader exploration into various disciplines of theological study. Grades of less than "C" in religious studies courses will not count toward the minor. Required Courses (9 credits) RELS 210 Jesus the Christ RELS 301 Christian Morality One Core Course core RELS 104 World Religions core RELS 105 Intro. to the Four Gospels core RELS 106 Intro. to the Hebrew Scripture core RELS 108 Basics of Catholic Faith core RELS 203 The Gospel According to John One Course in Scripture Chosen From Among: (3 credits) RELS 107 The Gospel According to Mark RELS 109 The Gospel According to Matthew RELS 110 The Gospel According to Luke RELS 205 Prophets of Israel RELS 207 Introduction to Saint Paul One Course in Systematic Theology Chosen From Among: (3 credits) RELS 113 Sacraments RELS 202 Methods in Religious Education RELS 206 Women and Religion RELS 215 Religion in America RELS 310 Christian Marriage in the Modern World RELS 315 The Gospel of Peace and Justice RELS 408 The Church in the Modern World RELS 409 Christian Mysticism RELS 410 Dante's Divine Comedy RELS 325 or 425 Junior or Senior Seminar RELS 431-499 Religious Studies Special Topics One Course in Historical Theology Chosen From Among: (3 credits) RELS 112 History of Christianity I RELS 212 History of Christianity II RELS 213 History of the Catholic Church in the United States RELS 215 Religion in America RELS 408 The Church in the Modern World All prerequisites must be met for the course to be taken in the minor. Minor in Sociology (6 courses/18 credits) The minor in sociology gives the student an introduction to the content and methodology of the field. Grades of less than "C" in sociology courses will not count toward the minor. Required Courses (12 credits) SOCO 101 Introductory Sociology SOCO 201 Social Problems SOCO 203 Social Theory SOCO 212 Race, Class, and Gender One Course 300 Level (3 credits) SOCO 305 Aging in America SOCO 306 Sociology of the City SOCO 310 Medical Sociology SOCO 315 Sociology of Work SOCO 340 Addictions: A Lifespan Perspective SOCO 341 Family Violence SOCO 342 Loss and Grief SOCO 343 Social Psychology One Course (3 credits) Student may choose any sociology course. All prerequisites must be met for the course to be taken in the minor. Minor in Spanish (6 courses/18 credits) The objective of the minor in Spanish is to enable students majoring in any field to acquire proficiency in the language, understanding the richness of its culture, and knowledge of the countries in which the language is spoken. The coursework needed to earn a minor in Spanish at Holy Family is challenging but achievable. It is thought to provide the necessary linguistic and cultural skills, and knowledge that the students will need to function successfully in the target language, in a variety of situations and topics. Grades of less than "C" in Spanish will not count toward the minor. The minor consists of 6 courses at the 200 level and above. Required Courses (6 credits) SPAN 201 Advanced Grammar and Composition I SPAN 202 Advanced Grammar and Composition II Electives ( Language, Literacy, Content and Literature Courses) Choice of 3 (9 credits) SPAN 204 Spanish-American Civilization SPAN 302 Hispanic Influences in the US (taught in English) SPAN 308 Applied Linguistics SPAN 309 Conversation and Language Activities I SPAN 310 Conversation and Language Activities II SPAN 311 Spanish Non-Fiction Choice of 1 (3 credits) SPAN 315 Literary Analysis SPAN 449 Readings in Spanish All prerequisites must be met for the course to be taken in the minor. Minor in Studio Art (6 courses/18 credits) The minor in studio art is designed to encourage an in-depth investigation of one art-making process, rather than a sampling of many. This minor offers students the opportunity to pursue a course of study in one of the following areas: painting, sculpture, computer graphics or ceramics. Grades in a studio art course of less than "C" will not count toward the minor. Required Courses (9 credits) ARTS 223 Two-dimensional Design ARTS 224 Three-dimensional Design either ARTS 225 Drawing and Composition or ARTS 226 Drawing from the Model Specialization (9 credits) Painting: ARTS 319, ARTS 320, ARTS 327 Sculpture: ARTS 217, ARTS 218, ARTS 327 Ceramics: ARTS 321, ARTS 322, ARTS 327 Computer Graphics: COMM 225, ARTS 317, COMM 318 All prerequisites must be met for the course to be taken in the minor.